Folie Folie (2): Emotions 
Emotions, Feelings, Sensations
An unfortunate cultural heritage has long divided the cognition and emotion, mind and spirit. Emotions, confined to the field of psychology and mental illness, were cleaved Neurological Sciences. The role of emotions in the brain has been widely obscured. Another stumbling block is the very definition of emotion. What is an emotion? A form of cognition, cognitive scientists argue, what the experts counter that emotion is a cognitive emotion. Should we distinguish between the emotion of sentiment? The opinion of two neuroanatomists, specialists structures reflects the emotional ambiguity of words found in this area. For Joseph Le Doux (1998), emotion and feeling merge "An Emotion Is a subjective experience, a passionate invasion of consciousness, a feeling . By cons, in The Feeling of What , Antonio Damasio (1999) emphasizes the distinction between these two words often used interchangeably for each other. " Emotions are actions. Some are translated into movements of facial muscles, such as facial expressions of joy, anger, etc ..., or body, the leak or aggressive posture. Others take the form of internal actions, such as hormones, heart or lungs. Emotions are therefore a public way, we can measuring them, studying them. Feelings, by cons, are private, subjective. They are felt by the individual alone. This is not behavior but thoughts (Damasio, 2001). In other words, emotion is a feeling, a mental phenomenon results in a somatic expression (1).
In fact, an emotion began an internal event and generates an outward reaction. It is caused by a situation of confrontation and interpretation of reality. As to the difference between emotion and feeling, it ciréside in that sense does not present a reaction event. Nevertheless, the accumulation of feelings can cause emotional states.
The feeling itself is the direct physical effect (related to temperature, texture ...). It is directly linked to sensory perception. The feeling is so natural.
It exist four types of emotional experiences: emotions simple , mixed , pushed and pseudo-emotions.
These are the emotions themselves, in their simplest form. For information on what is important to us, it is necessary to feel them.
They are composed of several emotional experiences. They usually contain one or two emotions and other kinds of experiences that serve to defend against these feelings. To learn properly, we must decompose the mixed emotions in order to feel or emotions and deal appropriately with other experiments composed.
These experiments usually dominated body. They take place when pushing an emotion or expression is avoided. We must rediscover the repressed emotion.
They have the appearance of emotion. They are rather "ways of saying things" that seek to identify the emotion. We must identify the emotion they express. (2)
Affection pathogenic
If emotions are regarded as an intuitive reaction, they are also the first form of interiority. An awareness of self and environnement.De there one could imagine the impact mental and PERSANAL. Emotions are of two types: positive ( anger, jealousy, fear, shame, guilt, sadness) and negative (lajoie, love, envy, etc. ..). If positive emotions provide the impetus and well being, negative if they can be extremely destructrices.Comment? Sigmund Freud was the first to identify the phenomenon of repression to explain in his book "Five Lessons on psychnalyse"
" It was thus led to admit that the patient got sick from the emotion triggered by a circumstance pathogenic could not express it properly, and it thus remained "stuck". These affects were stuck for a double. Sometimes they remain as is and are making their weight over the entire psychic life, for which they are a source perpetual irritation. Sometimes they become abnormal physical processes, processes of innervation or inhibition (paralysis) which are nothing else than the physical symptoms of neurosis. That's what we called conversion hysteria. In normal life, a certain amount of our emotional energy is used in body innervation and produces the phenomenon of emotional expression, as we all know. The conversion hysteria is nothing but an exaggerated expression of emotions and results in unusual ways. If a river flows through two channels, one of them is full to overflowing as soon as in the other, the current meet an obstacle.
examining autresmalades hysterical and other neurotic leads us to conclude they have failed to back the idea that their desire is linked unbearable. They have clearly driven from their consciousness and memory, and were spared, apparently, a large amount of suffering, but the repressed desire continues to exist in the unconscious, and he awaits an opportunity to come forward and he will reappear soon to light, but under a disguise that makes it unrecognizable, in other words, the idea is repressed replaced in consciousness by another which serves as a substitute, ersatz, and to which are attached all the impressions of discomfort that was thought to be reversed by repression. This substitute for the repressed idea - the symptom - is protected against new attacks from the "me" and instead of a short conflict, now comes a suffering continual .(..)
-Force Against Force
The same forces now oppose the reinstatement of the forgotten in the conscious are certainly those who, at time of injury, caused this oversight and have repressed into the unconscious pathogens incidents. I called refoulement
process assumed by me and I considered as proved by the undeniable existence of resistance. But one could still wonder what these forces and what
were the conditions of this repression we see today the pathogenic mechanism of hysteria. I will illustrate the process of repression and its relation with the resistance needed by a rough comparison. Suppose that in the conference room, in my quiet and attentive audience, yet it is an individual who behaves so as to disturb me and disturbs me by inappropriate laughter, chatter or by typing its feet. I declare that I can continue to profess well, and thereupon some listeners will stand strong and, after a brief struggle, the character will at the door. It will be "repressed" and for reasons I continue my lecture. But for the disorder does not recur, if the deportee would try to enter the room, people who came to my aid will lean their chairs to the door and form as a "resistance". If now you carry on a psychic events in our example, if one of the conference room the conscious and the unconscious in the hall, that's a pretty good picture of repression. "(3)
The Panacea?
Making these resistances back, flush, so the treatment according Freud.Et so he says role psychanalyse.La of psychoanalysis itself has enet preceded by two phases in the research of Freud
- The cathartic method, which owes much to Joseph Breuer , which is to put the patient under hypnosis to uncover the traumatic origin of hysterical symptoms. Symptoms, Freud tells us, disappear when the patient once again awakened by what he found hypnosis. Remembering and re updating traumatic emotional scenes then lead to healing. It is this method that Anna O. also called "talking cure". But hypnosis "is an uncertain process and has something mystical" free from the evil mesmerism which is still associated it only temporarily reduces the contractions hysterical
- the free association, which aims to engage in catharsis (*) without hypnosis. Freud then seeks to promote the recall by asking the patient to freely say what comes to mind, and working on the associative chains. "Method painful and exhausting in the long run," he observes in Five Lessons on psychoanalysis, "which could emerge as a definitive technique.
Psychoanalysis is a method of exploring the human psyche. This method can be done through a variety of techniques:
- The interpretation of dreams that are, according to Freud, "the royal road to knowledge of the unconscious." The analysis of the dream to discover the mechanisms of symbolization of the psyche.
- Analysis of routine action: The lapses, forgetfulness, carelessness: Missed these acts reflect a psychic conflict which involves a conscious and another, pre-conscious or unconscious, which disturbs the normal operation of the first. The observation of these contradictory tendencies can make plausible the hypothesis of the unconscious.
In fact, psychoanalysis is an interpretation of certain human acts in terms psychic - who convey the message. Some actions are perceived as "involuntary" and yet are not reflexes, some of which originates from a sequence of the brain that are, for example slip, parapraxes or symptoms without physical cause (hysteria, as distinct from diseases psychosomatic). These apparent errors, these symptoms, missteps, are a way of successful acts since they are a compromise that reveal the underlying conflict or are the satisfaction of desire. Thus the dream allows the sleeper to be realizing their wishes and may continue to sleep without being awakened by a frustration.
Psychoanalysis has long been disputed by proponents of a scientific reductionism according to which all psychological phenomena, including those studied by psychoanalysis, would be explicable the biology of the brain.
today is any credibility to psychoanalysis is denied or on the contrary some neuroscientists found that the biological descriptions of the brain they are now offering integrated well within the theoretical framework developed by Freud it a century ago. Psychoanalysis through at least in the Anglo-Saxon and Nordic countries, a severe and profound questioning. The difficulty of assessing the effectiveness of a quantitative point of view remains a question. (4)
my links:
(1) THE BRAIN OR EMOTIONAL neuroanatomy DESÉMOTIONS Françoise Lotstra
(2) redpsy.com
(3) FIVE LESSONS ON Psychoanalysis-Freud- Five lessons delivered in 1904 to Clark University, Worcester ( Mass.) originally published in the American Journal of Psychology in 1908.
(4) WIKIPEDIA
(*) The catharsis is the purification of the passions by means of dramatic representation: by attending a theatrical performance, man is freed of his impulses, fantasies or anxieties by living through the hero or the situations represented in its eyes. Catharsis means therefore, first, the transformation of emotion in thought.
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